GPT-4.1 Pro vs o3 Pro: which model should you choose?
We compared GPT-4.1 Pro and o3 Pro on price, context window and 12 benchmarks. o3 Pro has the stronger average benchmark score; o3 Pro is cheaper on a blended 3:1 basis.
GPT-4.1 Pro
GPT-4.1 Pro is a frontier model from OpenAI. It offers a 400,000-token context window, costs $17.56 per million input tokens and $91.14 per million output tokens, and averages 85.2 across the index's benchmark suite.
- Input
- $17.56 / 1M
- Output
- $91.14 / 1M
- Context
- 400,000
- Avg score
- 85.2
- Open weights
- No
o3 Pro
o3 Pro is a frontier model from OpenAI. It offers a 400,000-token context window, costs $17.89 per million input tokens and $81.48 per million output tokens, and averages 85.8 across the index's benchmark suite.
- Input
- $17.89 / 1M
- Output
- $81.48 / 1M
- Context
- 400,000
- Avg score
- 85.8
- Open weights
- No
Specification comparison
| Spec | GPT-4.1 Pro | o3 Pro | Edge |
|---|---|---|---|
| Input price / 1M | $17.56 | $17.89 | A |
| Output price / 1M | $91.14 | $81.48 | B |
| Context window | 400,000 | 400,000 | Tie |
| Max output | 8,192 | 8,192 | Tie |
| Average score | 85.2 | 85.8 | B |
| Arena Elo | 1449.6 | 1471.9 | B |
| Open weights | No | No | Tie |
Benchmark comparison
GPT-4.1 Pro wins 5, o3 Pro wins 7, and 0 benchmarks are tied. The table shows the modelled score for each model and the gap.
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 Pro | o3 Pro | Gap | Winner |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMLU-Pro | 86.9 | 84.3 | 2.6 | GPT-4.1 Pro |
| GPQA Diamond | 78.2 | 78.7 | 0.5 | o3 Pro |
| SWE-bench Verified | 77.3 | 76.9 | 0.4 | GPT-4.1 Pro |
| HumanEval | 91.9 | 90.6 | 1.3 | GPT-4.1 Pro |
| MATH-500 | 88.8 | 92.4 | 3.6 | o3 Pro |
| AIME 2025 | 82.8 | 83.5 | 0.7 | o3 Pro |
| LiveCodeBench | 76.7 | 82.4 | 5.7 | o3 Pro |
| IFEval | 92.2 | 90.9 | 1.3 | GPT-4.1 Pro |
| TruthfulQA | 87.7 | 88.4 | 0.7 | o3 Pro |
| HellaSwag | 93.7 | 92.5 | 1.2 | GPT-4.1 Pro |
| MMMU | 81.5 | 83.1 | 1.6 | o3 Pro |
| Arena Elo | 1449.6 | 1471.9 | 22.3 | o3 Pro |
Price analysis
On a blended 3:1 input-to-output basis, GPT-4.1 Pro costs about $35.95 per million tokens and o3 Pro costs about $33.79. o3 Pro is roughly 6% cheaper than GPT-4.1 Pro. At high volume, that gap compounds quickly, so price should carry real weight unless the quality difference is decisive.
Both models list a 400,000-token context window. That is enough for long documents, large codebases and multi-step agent traces.
Verdict
Across 12 shared benchmarks, GPT-4.1 Pro wins 5, o3 Pro wins 7, and 0 are tied. On the index average, o3 Pro leads GPT-4.1 Pro by 0.6 points (85.8 versus 85.2).
The price picture favours o3 Pro. The context picture is effectively a tie. Those two dimensions often matter more than a few benchmark points once a model is good enough for the task.
If you need a single default, start with o3 Pro for quality-sensitive work, and check whether its price holds at your expected volume before committing.
Choose GPT-4.1 Pro if
- You prefer OpenAI's tooling or already use it.
Choose o3 Pro if
- You want the higher average benchmark score in this index.
- Unit cost matters and you want the cheaper blended price.
FAQ
Is GPT-4.1 Pro better than o3 Pro?
On the index average, o3 Pro leads GPT-4.1 Pro by 0.6 points (85.8 versus 85.2). The better choice depends on price, context and your task. GPT-4.1 Pro wins 5 benchmarks, o3 Pro wins 7.
Which is cheaper, GPT-4.1 Pro or o3 Pro?
o3 Pro is cheaper on a blended 3:1 basis at about $33.79 per million tokens, versus $35.95 for GPT-4.1 Pro.
Which has the larger context window?
Both models list a 400,000-token context window.
Are these models open weights?
GPT-4.1 Pro is proprietary; o3 Pro is proprietary.
Which should I choose for production?
If you need a single default, start with o3 Pro for quality-sensitive work, and check whether its price holds at your expected volume before committing.